The micro injuries caused during the procedure lead to minimal superficial bleeding and set up a wound healing cascade with release of various growth factors such as platelet derived growth factor (PGF), transforming growth factor alpha and beta (TGF-? and TGF-?), connective tissue activating protein, connective tissue growth factor, and fibroblast growth factor (FGF).
The needles also break the old fibrotic strands and allow it to get newer blood vessels or revascularize. The collagen that builds lifts up the tissues hence, tightens the skin reduces scars, lines wrinkles and gives a smooth texture.
